LAX APM ADA Coordinator Files (LINXS)
Section 11B-404 Doors, Doorways, and Gates
Code excerpt regarding technical requirements for doors, doorways, and gates: general, manual, and automatic and power-assisted.
11B-404 Doors, doorways, and gates
11B-404.1 General. Doors, doorways, and gates that are part of an accessible route shall comply with Section 11B-404.
Exceptions:
Advisory 11B-404.1 General Exceptions 1 and 2. Security personnel must have sole control of doors that are eligible for the Exceptions 1 and 2 at Section 11B-404.1. It would not be acceptable for security personnel to operate the doors for people with disabilities while allowing others to have independent access.
11B-404.2 Manual doors, doorways, and manual gates. Manual doors and doorways and manual gates intended for user passage shall comply with Section 11B-404.2.
11B-404.2.1 Revolving doors, gates, and turnstiles. Revolving doors, revolving gates, and turnstiles shall not be part of an accessible route.
11B-404.2.2 Double-leaf doors and gates. At least one of the active leaves of doorways with two leaves shall comply with Sections 11B-404.2.3 and 11B-404.2.4.
11B-404.2.3 Clear width. Door openings shall provide a clear width of 32 inches (813 mm) minimum. Clear openings of doorways with swinging doors shall be measured between the face of the door and the stop, with the door open 90 degrees. Openings more than 24 inches (610 mm) deep shall provide a clear opening of 36 inches (914 mm) minimum. There shall be no projections into the required clear opening width lower than 34 inches (864 mm) above the finish floor or ground. Projections into the clear opening width between 34 inches (864 mm) and 80 inches (2032 mm) above the finish floor or ground shall not exceed 4 inches (102 mm).
Exceptions:
11B-404.2.4 Maneuvering clearances. Minimum maneuvering clearances at doors and gates shall comply with Section 11B-404.2.4. Maneuvering clearances shall extend the full width of the doorway and the required latch side or hinge side clearance.
Exception: Reserved.
11B-404.2.4.1 Swinging doors and gates. Swinging doors and gates shall have maneuvering clearances complying with Table 11B-404.2.4.1.
Type of Use | Minimum Maneuvering Clearance | ||
---|---|---|---|
Approach Direction | Door or Gate Side | Perpendicular to Doorway | Parallel to Doorway (beyond latch side unless noted) |
From front | Pull | 60 inches (1524 mm) | 18 inches (457 mm)5 |
From front | Push | 48 inches (1219 mm) | 0 inches (0 mm)1 |
From hinge side | Pull | 60 inches (1524 mm) | 36 inches (914 mm) |
From hinge side | Push | 44 inches (1118 mm)2 | 22 inches (559 mm)3 |
From latch side | Pull | 60 inches (1524 mm) | 24 inches (610 mm) |
From latch side | Push | 44 inches (1118 mm)4 | 24 inches (610 mm) |
|
11B-404.2.4.2 Doorways without doors or gates, sliding doors, and folding doors. Doorways less than 36 inches (914 mm) wide without doors or gates, sliding doors, or folding doors shall have maneuvering clearances complying with Table 11B-404.2.4.2.
Approach Direction | Minimum Maneuvering Clearance | |
---|---|---|
Perpendicular to Doorway | Parallel to Doorway (beyond stop/latch side unless noted) | |
From front | 48 inches (1219 mm) | 0 inches (0 mm) |
From side1 | 42 inches (1067 mm) | 0 inches (0 mm) |
From pocket/hinge side | 42 inches (1067 mm) | 22 inches (559 mm)2 |
From stop/latch side | 42 inches (1067 mm) | 24 inches (610 mm) |
|
11B-404.2.4.3 Recessed doors and gates. Maneuvering clearances for forward approach shall be provided when any obstruction within 18 inches (457 mm) of the latch side at an interior doorway, or within 24 inches (610 mm) of the latch side of an exterior doorway, projects more than 8 inches (203 mm) beyond the face of the door, measured perpendicular to the face of the door or gate.
Advisory 11B-404.2.4.3 Recessed doors and gates. A door can be recessed due to wall thickness or because of the placement of casework and other fixed elements adjacent to the doorway. This provision must be applied wherever doors are recessed.
11B-404.2.4.4 Floor or ground surface. Floor or ground surface within required maneuvering clearances shall comply with Section 11B-302. Changes in level are not permitted.
Exceptions:
11B-404.2.5 Thresholds. Thresholds, if provided at doorways, shall be 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) high maximum. Raised thresholds and changes in level at doorways shall comply with Sections 11B-302 and 11B-303.
Exception: Reserved.
11B-404.2.6 Doors in series and gates in series. The distance between two hinged or pivoted doors in series and gates in series shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum plus the width of doors or gates swinging into the space.
11B-404.2.7 Door and gate hardware. Handles, pulls, latches, locks, and other operable parts on doors and gates shall comply with Section 11B-309.4. Operable parts of such hardware shall be 34 inches (864 mm) minimum and 44 inches (1118 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. Where sliding doors are in the fully open position, operating hardware shall be exposed and usable from both sides.
Exceptions:
Advisory 11B-404.2.7 Door and gate hardware. Door hardware that can be operated with a closed fist or a loose grip accommodates the greatest range of users. Hardware that requires simultaneous hand and finger movements require greater dexterity and coordination, and is not recommended.
Advisory 11B-404.2.7 Door and gate hardware. In addition to the requirements of this section, designers should be aware of the Part 12, Section 12-10-202(f) requirement for lever hardware as adopted by the State Fire Marshal. The lever of lever actuated latches or locks must be curved with a return to within 1/2 inch of the door to prevent catching on the clothing of persons during egress.
11B-404.2.8 Door closing speed. Door and gate closing speed shall comply with Section 11B-404.2.8.
11B-404.2.8.1 Door closers and gate closers. Door closers and gate closers shall be adjusted so that from an open position of 90 degrees, the time required to move the door to a position of 12 degrees from the latch is 5 seconds minimum.
11B-404.2.8.2 Spring hinges. Door and gate spring hinges shall be adjusted so that from the open position of 70 degrees, the door or gate shall move to the closed position in 1.5 seconds minimum.
11B-404.2.9 Door and gate opening force. The force for pushing or pulling open a door or gate shall be as follows:
These forces do not apply to the force required to retract latch bolts or disengage other devices that hold the door or gate in a closed position.
Exception: When, at a single location, one of every eight exterior door leafs, or fraction of eight, is a powered door, other exterior doors at the same location, serving the same interior space, may have a maximum opening force of 8.5 pounds (37.8 N). The powered leaf(s) shall be located closest to the accessible route.
Advisory 11B-404.2.9 Door and gate opening force. The maximum force pertains to the continuous application of force necessary to fully open a door, not the initial force needed to overcome the inertia of the door. It does not apply to the force required to retract bolts or to disengage other devices used to keep the door in a closed position.
11B-404.2.10 Door and gate surfaces. Swinging door and gate surfaces within 10 inches (254 mm) of the finish floor or ground measured vertically shall have a smooth surface on the push side extending the full width of the door or gate. Parts creating horizontal or vertical joints in these surfaces shall be within 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of the same plane as the other and be free of sharp or abrasive edges. Cavities created by added kick plates shall be capped.
Exceptions:
11B-404.2.11 Vision lights. Doors, gates, and side lights adjacent to doors or gates, containing one or more glazing panels that permit viewing through the panels shall have the bottom of at least one glazed panel located 43 inches (1092 mm) maximum above the finish floor.
Exception: Glazing panels with the lowest part more than 66 inches (1676 mm) from the finish floor or ground shall not be required to comply with Section 11B-404.2.11.
11B-404.3 Automatic and power-assisted doors and gates. Automatic doors and automatic gates shall comply with Section 11B-404.3. Full-powered automatic doors shall comply with ANSI/BHMA A156.10. Low-energy and power-assisted doors shall comply with ANSI/BHMA A156.19.
Advisory 11B-404.3 Automatic and power-assisted doors and gates. Automatic and power-assisted doors are often used by designers to provide accessibility when door closer pressure would exceed the allowable opening force for interior or exterior doors. Heavy doors are difficult to open for persons using wheelchairs because holding the door open with one hand requires the user to let go of one wheel—not enough control remains to prevent the chair from twisting out of the intended direction. An automatic door may be used as equivalent facilitation when it is technically infeasible to provide sufficient strike-side clearance for code compliance, but a power-assisted door may not.
11B-404.3.1 Clear width. Doorways shall provide a clear opening of 32 inches (813 mm) minimum in power-on and power-off mode. The minimum clear width for automatic door systems in a doorway shall provide a clear, unobstructed opening of 32 inches (813 mm) with one leaf positioned at an angle of 90 degrees from its closed position.
11B-404.3.2 Maneuvering clearance. Clearances at power-assisted doors and gates shall comply with Section 11B-404.2.4. Clearances at automatic doors and gates without standby power and serving an accessible means of egress shall comply with Section 11B-404.2.4.
Exception: Where automatic doors and gates remain open in the power-off condition, compliance with Section 11B-404.2.4 shall not be required.
11B-404.3.3 Thresholds. Thresholds and changes in level at doorways shall comply with Section 11B-404.2.5.
11B-404.3.4 Doors in series and gates in series. Doors in series and gates in series shall comply with Section 11B-404.2.6.
11B-404.3.5 Controls. Manually operated controls shall comply with Section 11B-309. The clear floor space adjacent to the control shall be located beyond the arc of the door swing.
Advisory 11B-404.3.5 Controls. Where push plates, vertical actuation bars or other similar operating devices are provided, they shall be placed in a conspicuous location. A level and clear floor or ground space for forward or parallel approach complying with Section 11B-305 should be provided, centered on the operating device. Doors should not swing into the required clear floor or ground space for the operating device.
11B-404.3.6 Break out opening. Where doors and gates without standby power are a part of a means of egress, the clear break out opening at swinging or sliding doors and gates shall be 32 inches (813 mm) minimum when operated in emergency mode.
Exception: Where manual swinging doors and gates comply with Section 11B-404.2 and serve the same means of egress compliance with Section 11B-404.3.6 shall not be required.
11B-404.3.7 Revolving doors, revolving gates, and turnstiles. Revolving doors, revolving gates, and turnstiles shall not be part of an accessible route.